in what two ways does cellular respiration seem to be the opposite of photosynthesis?
Introduction
Earth is the merely planet so far known where life exists. Life on globe is in the form of plants, animals, microorganisms. All these living entities exercise sure biological activities to keep themselves alive and to keep the cycle of life continue on the world. These processes or activities are nutrition, respiration, transport, command, coordination, growth, move, and reproduction. All these processes are related to each other. Ane of the important biological processes is diet as information technology causes growth and development. The following article is well-nigh photosynthesis vs cellular respiration. Both the procedure is although different just are interdependent with each other.
Photosynthesis is the process by which the plants obtain nutrition. In photosynthesis, solar free energy from the sun is leap to glucose in the form of potential energy. This free energy is used in the physiological work of plants. Other organisms absorb this energy straight or indirectly through food and use it to survive. That means the presence of living things on earth depends on photosynthesis (two) & (three).
On the other side, cellular respiration is a biochemical process that produces energy from nutrient captivated by the body. Thus the main word is how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated and their similarities and differences (1) & (4).
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a physiological process where a found produces simple sugars for their nourishment. In this process, the plants absorb water and carbon dioxide from the environment collects them in the foliage of mesophyll tissue. And produce elementary sugars (glucose) equally a main product and water and oxygen every bit a past-product via a chemical reaction. In other word, photosynthesis is a procedure which bounds solar energy to potential energy into the glucose.
The water produced in this process participates in metabolism and oxygen is released into the environs. The photosynthesis procedure occurs in all green chlorophyll pigmented cells. In the case of plants, green leaves are the main organ of photosynthesis. The mesophyll tissue of the leafage has the highest number of chloroplasts and the highest amount of stomata, therefore, is the ideal place for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis also occurs on the young green stems of plants, on the dark-green aerial roots of orchids, in the bodies of euglena, chrysamoeba, etc.
The chemical equation of photosynthesis is
6CO₂ + 12H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ + 6H₂O
Cellular respiration
Free energy is essential for the survival of the organism. Food (glucose) is the source of free energy production in cells. About living things crave oxygen (air) to get free energy from food. This oxygen reacts with the molecules present in the body's cells and burns the molecules slowly to release free energy. The released free energy is stored in the ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) molecules within the prison cell. The body can utilise this stored energy at its ain discretion. Cellular respiration is continuously (24-hour interval & night) happening in every single prison cell of every kind of organism from unicellular to multicellular. The glycolysis stage of the respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of the jail cell and the phase of the Krebs cycle occurs in the cell mitochondria
The biochemical processes in which food is fully or partially oxidized in the presence or absence of oxygen and the potential energy present in the nutrient is released equally kinetic energy and produces ATP is called cellular respiration. The energy produced by cellular respiration is used for the biological functions of the body. The oxygen needed for cellular respiration is collected from the surrounding environs (i) & (2). The chemical equation of cellular respiration is
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy (686 kcal)
The relation between photosynthesis and cellular respiration
The process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interdependent. Both processes have like reactions, but both processes occur in completely opposite ways.
- In cellular respiration, oxygen and glucose react to produce water and carbon dioxide.
- Whereas in photosynthesis plants absorb carbon dioxide and water from the surround to produce glucose and oxygen.
- The carbon dioxide required for photosynthesis is produced past cellular respiration.
- And the glucose that is required for cellular respiration is produced past the process of photosynthesis.
And so both processes are completely dependent on each other. During the twenty-four hours, photosynthesis and cellular respiration of green plants occur together. So cellular respiration and photosynthesis are both related. But in many cases, some differences are observed between these two biological processes. The differences between these two biological processes (photosynthesis & cellular respiration) are described below (2).
Departure betwixt photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are both are physiological processes. These two processes complement each other. Before analyzing the differences between them, some similarities between the 2 processes are discussed (2) & (3).
Similarities
- Energy is produced in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
- Oxidation and reduction occur together in the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration. So these ii physiological processes are called oxidation-reduction reactions.
- These two biological processes are involved in the exchange of gases. In the procedure of photosynthesis carbon dioxide is absorbed and oxygen is released. On the other hand, oxygen is captivated and carbon dioxide is released.
- ATP is produced in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
- These two processes can bear electrons. And these ii processes are used every bit electron ship chains.
- At the end of both processes, energy is generated which is used in all living cells to carry out daily activities.
Now let us know the difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
Features | Photosynthesis | Cellular respiration |
| 1. Definition | Photosynthesis is the synthesis or product of any cloth with the help of sunlight. | Cellular respiration is a biochemical process that oxidizes food in the presence or absenteeism of oxygen and transforms free energy. |
| 2. Site | The photosynthesis process occurs in the grana and stroma of the chloroplast. | This process occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria in the cell. |
| iii. Blazon of organism | This process occurs in all green plants and some algae. | This procedure occurs in all found and fauna cells. |
| 4. Time of process | Photosynthesis occurs in the presence of sunlight during the solar day. | Cellular respiration occurs day and dark in all living cells. |
| 5. Metabolic process | Photosynthesis is chosen the anabolic process. This is because circuitous compounds (glucose) are produced from simple compounds (h2o and carbon dioxide). Every bit a issue, the dry weight of the plant body protoplasm increases. | Cellular respiration is a catabolic process. This is because, in this process, the simple compound (carbon dioxide and oxygen) is produced in the oxidation of circuitous compounds (glucose). And for this reason, the dry out weight of the torso is reduced. |
| 6. Source of free energy | The simply source of free energy in photosynthesis is sunlight. | Glucose is the only source of energy in the process. |
| seven. Major stage or step | Photosynthesis is done in 2 steps. These are light reactions and lite-independent reactions. | Cellular respiration is done in three steps. Such as glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and concluding respiration. |
| 8. Blazon of energy | Energy is bound in the process of photosynthesis. | Free energy is released in the process of cellular respiration. |
| ix. Food blazon | In this process, the plant made nutrient with the help of carbon dioxide and h2o. | Cellular respiration causes oxidation of food. |
| 10. Demand of chlorophyll | This process occurs in the presence of chlorophyll. | Chlorophyll is not required in the cellular respiration process. |
| xi. Reactant | Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight human action as reactants in photosynthesis. | Here glucose and oxygen are used equally reactants. |
| 12. Blazon of process | Photosynthesis is an endogenous process. Because energy is stored in this process. | Cellular respiration is an exogenous process. This is because energy is released during this process. |
| 13. By-products | At the finish of this process, glucose and oxygen are produced. | At the end of the cellular respiration process carbon dioxide, h2o, and some amount of energy are produced. |
| 14. Free energy conversion | In the process of photosynthesis solar energy is converted to potential energy. | In this process potential energy is converted into thermal or kinetic free energy. |
Source: https://sciencequery.com/photosynthesis-vs-cellular-respiration/
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